Tests for equivalence of two survival functions: Alternative to the tests under proportional hazards
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چکیده
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the washback effect of discretepoint vs. integrative tests on the retention of content in knowledge tests
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15 صفحه اولEquivalence Tests for Two Proportions
An equivalence test example will set the stage for the discussion of the terminology that follows. Suppose that the response rate of the standard treatment of a disease is 0.70. Unfortunately, this treatment is expensive and occasionally exhibits serious side-effects. A promising new treatment has been developed to the point where it can be tested. One of the first questions that must be answer...
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We propose "score-type" tests for the proportional hazards assumption and for covariate effects in the Cox model using the natural smoothing spline representation of the corresponding nonparametric functions of time or covariate. The tests are based on the penalized partial likelihood and are derived by viewing the inverse of the smoothing parameter as a variance component and testing an equiva...
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A common approach to testing for differences between the survival rates of two therapies is to use a proportional hazards regression model which allows for an adjustment of the two survival functions for any imbalance in prognostic factors in the comparison. When the relative risk of one treatment to the other is not constant over time the question of which therapy has a survival advantage is d...
متن کاملEquivalence Tests
Scientists should be able to provide support for the absence of a meaningful effect. Currently, researchers often incorrectly conclude an effect is absent based a nonsignificant result. A widely recommended approach within a frequentist framework is to test for equivalence. In equivalence tests, such as the two one-sided tests (TOST) procedure discussed in this article, an upper and lower equiv...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Statistical Methods in Medical Research
سال: 2016
ISSN: 0962-2802,1477-0334
DOI: 10.1177/0962280214539282